A process is exothermic when it releases energy. We can view lattice energies as either endothermic or exothermic processes depending on which definition we focus on. Depending on our chosen definition, the lattice energy of a given ionic compound may either be a positive or negative value. Lattice energy can be described as a certain quantity of energy is released when gaseous ions react during the formation of one mole of a solid ionic compound however, it also describes the energy that facilitates the dissociation of one mole of a solid ionic compound into its constituent gaseous ions. These interactions involve large amounts of energy, explaining the high melting and boiling points characteristic of ionic compounds. Their strong, rigid composition enables interactions between each charged ion and its oppositely charged counterparts. The key to understanding this concept lies in the crystalline structure of ionic compounds. We can further investigate this term in two different ways, depending on our perspective. Lattice energy maintains the fixed positions of cations and anions within ionic compounds. Both the generation and dissolution of such compounds involve the concept of lattice energy, a type of potential energy expressed in units of kJ/mol. Topics Covered in Other ArticlesÄuring the formation of solid ionic compounds, electropositive metals react with electronegative nonmetals. In this tutorial about lattice energy, we will cover its definition, relevant periodic table trends, factors that influence it, and how to calculate it.
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